Of the Following Explanations, Which Most Accurately Explains What Thomas

Of the following explanations, which most accurately explains what Thomas calls the counterfactual argument from qualifications?

A) Affirmative action would be unnecessary because if affirmative action appointees were the most qualified candidates for a position, then they would be hired by virtue of their merits.
B) Affirmative action would be unnecessary if being a woman or a minority itself counted as a qualification for certain jobs.
C) Affirmative action is necessary because if there were no women or minority faculty in universities, then there would not be qualified role models for women and minority students.
D) Affirmative action is unnecessary since knowledge is color blind and universities should pursue knowledge as their aim, even if this means a lack of diversity in their faculties.