When Critics Speak of the Indian Act's Paternalism, What Are

When critics speak of the Indian Act's paternalism, what are they referring to?

A) The fact that reserve land may not be used as security for loans
B) The fact that almost no commercial function can be undertaken on a reserve without government approval
C) The fact that band members cannot sell any part of the reserves on which they live
D) The fact that that the federal government retains ultimate authority to grant timber-cutting licenses and to establish their terms
E) All of the above