In survey research, whites often use a variety of hedging phrases (e.g., "I agree and disagree") to apparently downplay racist views.

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Research in social psychology and survey methodology has shown that respondents, including white individuals, may use hedging phrases or indirect language when expressing views that could be perceived as socially undesirable or racist. This is often done to avoid social disapproval or to present themselves in a more favorable light.

In Survey Research, Whites Often Use a Variety of Hedging