In the decades from the 1970s to the present, numerous conservative, mostly white, judges have ruled that group-remedy programs for racial discrimination violate the U.S. Constitution, which they assert only recognizes the rights of individuals, not groups.

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This statement reflects a trend in U.S. judicial decisions where conservative judges, emphasizing an individualistic interpretation of the Constitution, have frequently ruled against group-remedy programs (such as affirmative action) on the grounds that the Constitution does not recognize the rights of groups, only individuals. This perspective aligns with a broader conservative legal philosophy that prioritizes individual rights and liberties, often leading to skepticism or opposition to policies perceived as benefiting specific groups at the expense of individual rights.

In the Decades from the 1970s to the Present, Numerous