If the fluctuations in the economy's real growth rate from year to year are caused primarily by variations in the rate at which aggregate demand increases, then data would show

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An inverse relationship between inflation and unemployment is described by the Phillips curve, which suggests that when the economy grows rapidly (high aggregate demand), unemployment tends to decrease but inflation increases, and vice versa. This is because higher demand can lead to more jobs and higher wages, but also to higher prices.

If the Fluctuations in the Economy's Real Growth Rate from Year