The presumption of innocence, the exclusionary rule, protections against self-incrimination, the right to trial by jury and protection against being tried twice for the same offense (double jeopardy) are absent in:

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The listed protections are fundamental principles of the criminal justice system in many Western countries, including the United States, United Kingdom, and Germany. However, in China, the criminal justice system operates differently and these protections may not be guaranteed. The presumption of guilt is often the default, and defendants may not have access to a fair trial or legal representation. Additionally, the exclusionary rule, protection against self-incrimination, and double jeopardy may not be recognized or enforced in the same way as in Western systems.

The Presumption of Innocence, the Exclusionary Rule, Protections Against Self-Incrimination