A major problem with the cross-sectional research method is that:

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Cross-sectional research compares groups of individuals at different ages at one point in time. This can result in cohort effects, where differences between groups may be due to differences in their experiences rather than their age. For example, a cross-sectional study comparing the cognitive abilities of 20-year-olds and 50-year-olds may mistakenly conclude that cognitive abilities decline with age when in reality, the age groups may have grown up in different cultural or educational environments that affected their cognitive development. This limitation does not apply to longitudinal studies that follow the same individuals over time.

A Major Problem with the Cross-Sectional Research Method Is That