Question 1

The Canadian military dictates rules that govern every aspect of soldiers' lives,including the ability to try,convict,and punish them for breaking military rules.Which of the following refers to the military's ability to enforce their rules,outside of the Canadian justice system?

Accepted Answer

The term "authority" refers to the power to enforce laws and make decisions, which is exactly what the military has in regards to their own rules and regulations. They are able to try, convict, and punish soldiers for breaking these rules, without the need for the Canadian justice system to be involved. This is because the military has its own separate system of justice, known as the Code of Service Discipline.

Question 2

What do we call the ability to achieve one's goals despite opposition from others?

Accepted Answer

Power is the ability to achieve one's goals despite opposition from others. It is the ability to control the resources that are necessary to achieve one's goals. Authority is the right to use power, while influence is the ability to persuade or convince others to act in a certain way. Social control refers to the various mechanisms used by society to ensure conformance to its norms and values.

Question 3

Which of the following institutions enables some people and groups to acquire and exercise power?

Accepted Answer

Politics is the institution that enables people and groups to acquire and exercise power through the government and its processes. Religion, economics, and military may also have some influence on power, but they do not have the same formalized system for acquiring and exercising it as politics does.

Question 4

William Wallace,the thirteenth century Scottish warrior,led an army to rebel against the occupation of Scotland by England.According to the textbook,how would we classify his actions?

Accepted Answer

William Wallace's actions can be classified as political revolution because he led an uprising against the established government in Scotland and sought to overthrow it. His actions were aimed at achieving a fundamental change in the political structure and governance of Scotland.

Question 5

What did Charles Stuart,King of Scotland in the 1600s,reign with?

Accepted Answer

Traditional authority is based on long-standing customs and traditions, which is the most fitting description for the system of monarchical rule that existed in Stuart's time. As the king of Scotland, Stuart was seen as having inherited his power and authority from his forefathers, rather than being elected or appointed based on his own talents or capabilities.

Question 6

What was U.S.President Abraham Lincoln referring to with his famous phrase "government of the people,by the people,for the people"?

Accepted Answer

Lincoln's phrase "government of the people, by the people, for the people" refers to the concept of democracy, where the people have a say in the decisions of the government and the government serves the interests of the people.

Question 7

Even though Mimi is not a supervisor,she is able to overcome the resistance of her co-workers to a new way of getting the work done and forces them to do it her way.Which of the following does Mimi have?

Accepted Answer

Mimi has power, which refers to the ability to influence or control the behavior of others, even in the absence of formal authority. She is able to force her co-workers to do things her way, indicating that she has power over them.

Question 8

According to the textbook,what is from the problem with most of the world's democracies that results in them being less than "genuine democracies"?

Accepted Answer

The textbook states that "legal protection of rights and freedoms for large classes of people is often missing in many democracies, making them less than genuine democracies." This implies that many democracies do not fully guarantee the rights and freedoms of their citizens, which is a key aspect of a genuine democracy. Therefore, choice C is the correct answer.

Question 9

When the populace recognizes the right of rulers to rule,what does power become?

Accepted Answer

When the populace recognizes the right of rulers to rule, power becomes authority. Authority is the legitimate and recognized use of power or the right to exercise power.

Question 10

How is power experienced in society?

Accepted Answer

Power is experienced in society as a social relationship between individuals or groups, often based on unequal access to resources or the ability to influence decision-making. While power can also be tied to economic relationships (such as control of resources or production), it is ultimately experienced and negotiated between people. Power can also be enforced through systems of authority, but this is only one aspect of how power is experienced in society.

Question 11

When considering its basic form,what is the most fundamental characterization of power?

Accepted Answer

The most fundamental characterization of power is force. Power involves the ability to compel or impose one's will upon others, often through the threat or use of force. While legitimate authority and influence can be sources of power, they are not the most fundamental characterization of power. Potency refers to the strength or effectiveness of power, but is not a defining feature of power itself.

Question 12

Many previously non-democratic nations held competitive elections between the 1970s and the 1990s; however,democracy in these new regimes was often ineffectual and limited.How did many Western political sociologists react to this situation?

Accepted Answer

Many Western political sociologists reacted to the ineffectual and limited democracy in newly democratic nations by rethinking the social preconditions for democracy. They recognized that democracy requires more than just a competitive electoral process; it requires a supportive social and economic environment, such as a strong civil society, independent media, rule of law, and a thriving economy. This shift in focus reflected a growing awareness that democracy is not just about elections, but also about the quality of governance and the extent to which citizens are able to participate in decision-making processes.

Question 13

Why was the "most important election of the twentieth century" labelled this way by the authors of the text?

Accepted Answer

The text mentions that the election was closely linked to the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), which was a significant economic and political development for Canada. This suggests that the election was labeled as the "most important election of the twentieth century" due to its connection to NAFTA. The other options mentioned in the question do not explicitly relate to the reasons given in the text for why the election was important.

Question 14

According to the textbook,which election was the most important Canadian federal election of the twentieth century?

Accepted Answer

The 1988 Canadian federal election is often considered the most important of the twentieth century because it served as a de facto referendum on free trade with the United States. The election's central issue was the Free Trade Agreement, and its outcome significantly impacted Canada's economic policies and its relationship with its largest trading partner.

Question 15

A father tells his nine-year-old daughter that she is unable to leave her room for the rest of the day because she misbehaved.She immediately leaves her room anyway and the father returns her to her room and locks the door.What is the father demonstrating in this situation?

Accepted Answer

The answer of A father tells his nine-year-old daughter that...

Question 16

In spite of opposition from universities across the province,a collective movement of students is able to secure a tuition freeze for five years.What would sociologists argue the group of students was able to demonstrate?

Accepted Answer

The group of students was able to demonstrate power by successfully advocating for a tuition freeze despite facing opposition from universities. They were able to exert their influence and achieve their desired outcome.

Question 17

What do we call power that is viewed as legitimate and justified,and that is institutionalized in politics,religion,and law?

Accepted Answer

The term that fits the description provided is authority. Authority is a form of power that is viewed as legitimate and justified by a society or group, and it is often institutionalized in politics, religion, and law. It is different from force, which involves using physical strength or coercion to make someone do something. Control and influence are broader terms that can encompass different types of power, including authority and force.

Question 18

Why was Canada's "most important election" characterized by one wit as "government of the people,by the lawyers,for the businessmen"?

Accepted Answer

The quote suggests that the election was won due to the influence of business interests and expensive media campaigns, indicating that choice D is the most accurate option.

Question 19

Which theorist described authority across a range of ideal types?

Accepted Answer

Weber described authority across a range of ideal types, including traditional authority, charismatic authority, and rational-legal authority.

Question 20

Pierre Elliott Trudeau,who was Canada's prime minister from 1968 to 1979 and from 1980 to 1984,characterizes which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Pierre Elliott Trudeau was the prime minister of Canada under the legal-rational authority, where the power is derived from laws and rules established by a formal system. Trudeau governed based on the Canadian Constitution, which outlines the division of powers between the federal and provincial governments, and the Charter of Rights and Freedoms, which guarantees fundamental human rights and freedoms.

Quiz 14: Politics