Matsumoto (1990) Proposed That Display Rules in Individualist (American) and Collectivist

Matsumoto (1990) proposed that display rules in individualist (American) and collectivist (Japanese) cultures should depend on whether people are interacting with ingroup or outgroup members. According to Matsumoto, which cultures would be most likely to express emotion in which context?

A) Americans should endorse expressing more negative emotions to outgroup members compared to Japanese participants
B) Japanese participants should endorse expressing more negative emotions to outgroup members compared to Americans
C) Americans should endorse expressing more positive emotions to outgroup members than to ingroup members; Japanese participants should endorse the opposite
D) Americans should endorse expressing pro-social emotions to any individual regardless of group identity, while Japanese participants should reserve the expression of pro-social emotions for outgroup members