Nummenmaa and Colleagues (2014) Used a Computer-Based, Topographical Self-Report Method

Nummenmaa and colleagues (2014) used a computer-based, topographical self-report method called emBODY to create heat maps of what body parts people associate with various emotions and emotion stimuli. What can we conclude from this study?

A) Each culture studied generated its own unique heat map, suggesting language drives the conceptual understanding of emotion experience
B) Europeans tended to associate emotions more with the head and East Asians tended to associate emotions with the body
C) There was cross-cultural agreement in the heat maps for self-conscious emotions, but not for basic emotions
D) The heat maps generated for each emotion were consistent across the cultures sampled