When was the era of dual federalism according to the authors of the text?

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According to the authors of the text, the era of dual federalism lasted from the ratification of the Constitution until the New Deal. Dual federalism is characterized by a strict separation of powers and responsibilities between the federal government and the state governments, with each level of government exercising independent authority in their own spheres. This system was challenged and ultimately replaced by the cooperative federalism of the New Deal era, in which the federal government and state governments worked together to address national problems and achieve common goals.

When Was the Era of Dual Federalism According to the Authors