Certain patients may fail to respond to opioids or may report increased pain (hyperalgesia) when given opioid drugs.This opioid-induced hyperalgesia is likely due _____ in nociceptive pathways in susceptible patients.
A) increased activity of glutamate
B) decreased activity of substance P
C) increased activity of GABA
D) decreased activity of acetylcholine
E) opioids never cause increased pain when administered in clinical situations
Correct Answer:
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Q1: Morphine and many other powerful opioids exert
Q2: Opioid drugs exert their analgesics effects by
Q3: Which of the following side effects is
Q5: Drugs such as butorphanol,nalbuphine,and pentazocine may stimulate
Q6: In addition to their use as analgesics,opioid
Q7: When used to treat pain,opioids can be
Q8: Preliminary studies on animals suggest that opioids
Q9: Methadone is often used to treat opioid
Q10: Certain patients can develop "tolerance" to opioid
Q11: Opioid analgesics are also known commonly as
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