Robert becomes anxious during exams.He has found that chewing on the eraser on his pencil while he thinks helps him to calm down.According to Hull,over time Robert's pencil chewing is likely to become _____ due to _____.
A) more effective; positive reinforcement
B) less effective; extinction
C) permanent; positive reinforcement
D) habitual; negative reinforcement

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

According to Hull's theory, behaviors become habitual through negative reinforcement. In this case, the relief of anxiety from chewing on the eraser serves as negative reinforcement, increasing the likelihood that Robert will continue to engage in this behavior in the future. Therefore, the most likely outcome is that his pencil chewing will become habitual.

Robert Becomes Anxious During Exams