Transfer of heat in the Earth's mantle is dominated by

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Convection is the transfer of heat by the movement of a fluid or gas. In the Earth's mantle, the transfer of heat is mainly through convection, as hot materials rise and cool materials sink, creating a cycle of movement. Conduction, the transfer of heat through a solid material, is less dominant in the mantle due to the high temperatures and pressures, which make the rocks more ductile and able to flow. Radiation, the transfer of heat through electromagnetic waves, plays a minor role in the mantle since it can only transfer heat across empty space or in materials that can absorb and emit radiation, neither of which are prevalent in the mantle. Seismic waves, although they can be generated by movement and transfer energy, are not a type of heat transfer, but rather a way to study the interior of the Earth.

Transfer of Heat in the Earth's Mantle Is Dominated by