In the Biocultural Connection section entitled "Paleolithic Prescriptions for the Neolithic and Beyond," U.S. anthropologists George Armelagos and Mark Nathan
Cohen suggest that:

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Armelagos and Cohen argue that settlement into villages led to an increase in infectious diseases due to factors such as crowding, sanitation issues, and contact with domesticated animals. They also suggest that this shift in lifestyle led to changes in diet and physical activity that may have had negative health implications.

In the Biocultural Connection Section Entitled "Paleolithic Prescriptions for the Neolithic