The transition from a mainly agricultural to a chiefly industrial mode of production was marked by conflict because of the changes in class structure and in values and beliefs.

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The transition from agriculture to industry brought significant changes in the class structure and values and beliefs, which gave rise to conflicts between different groups. The traditional agricultural societies were based on a hierarchal system with well-defined social and economic roles, but industrialization disrupted this system, creating new class divisions and power relations. This led to struggles between the new industrial capitalists and the traditional aristocracy and peasants, as well as tensions between workers and employers. The values and beliefs of the two systems were also different, with the industrial society stressing efficiency, productivity, and individualism, while the agricultural society emphasized tradition, community, and religious beliefs. These conflicts were evident in the struggles over labor rights, the role of women, and other social and economic issues that emerged during the industrialization era.

The Transition from a Mainly Agricultural to a Chiefly Industrial