With Regard to So-Called Honour Killings That Occur Within an Immigrant

With regard to so-called honour killings that occur within an immigrant population,who are they usually directed at,according to a study by Clementine Van Eck?

A) a female family member who has dishonoured the family with her behaviour
B) any family member who has dishonoured the family
C) any brother of a male who has violated a female family member
D) a female family member who has dishonoured the family and the man who has violated her