A Patient Has Hard,nonpitting Edema of the Left Lower Leg

A patient has hard,nonpitting edema of the left lower leg and ankle.The right leg has no edema.Based on these findings,the nurse recalls that:

A) nonpitting, hard edema occurs with lymphatic obstruction.
B) alterations in arterial function will cause this edema.
C) phlebitis of a superficial vein will cause bilateral edema.
D) long-standing arterial obstruction will cause pitting edema.