Question 1

Discuss the two types of psychological contracts. Provide an example of each.

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Question 2

Career goals do NOT help employees ________.

Accepted Answer

Career goals are specifically designed to help employees decide on skills to develop, determine job preferences, and recognize knowledge they want to acquire, rather than attaining new knowledge and skills directly.

Question 3

What are the four general categories of careers?

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Question 4

Describe each of the following rating methods and review the advantages and disadvantages of each one: the graphic rating scale, behaviorally anchored rating scale (BARS), and the behavioral observation scale (BOS).

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Question 5

Which of the following BEST describes ethical career practices?

Accepted Answer

Ethical career practices involve being honest and transparent with employees about their potential with the company. Choices A and B prioritize making employees feel good over honesty, which is not ethical. Choice D is not necessarily unethical, but it does not address the issue of career practices within the company itself.

Question 6

Which of the following steps would a company be LEAST LIKELY to do to help dual-career couples, single parents, and workers caring for elderly parents?

Accepted Answer

Reducing work obligations without reducing pay is a cost that many companies may not be willing or able to bear. The other options listed are more common measures companies take to support employees with family caregiving responsibilities.

Question 7

Explain the difference between profit sharing and gain sharing.

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Question 8

According to theories of operant conditioning and motivation, what is the optimal relationship between pay and performance?

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Question 9

What is a psychological contract? What are the determinants of a psychological contract?

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Question 10

What is the definition of a career? Why are individuals concerned about their careers? Why are organizations concerned with the careers of their members?

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Question 11

________ can result in certain members of an organization not receiving the career opportunities they deserve because they are different from decision makers.

Accepted Answer

The similar-to-me bias can lead decision makers to favor candidates who are similar to them in terms of background, interests, or other characteristics. This can result in members of an organization who are different from decision makers, whether due to gender, race, age, or other factors, being overlooked for career opportunities that they deserve.

Question 12

List the four decisions to make in designing a performance appraisal system and briefly explain the choices in each decision.

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Question 13

The information generated by a performance appraisal system can be used for two purposes. List and define these two purposes.

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Question 14

When careers are managed in an ethical fashion, promotions are based on ________.

Accepted Answer

When careers are managed in an ethical fashion, promotions are based on performance. It means that the employee with the best performance will be promoted rather than someone who has been with the company the longest (seniority) or based on subjective criteria or personal impressions, which can be unfair and discriminatory. By focusing on performance, managers can ensure that promotions are awarded based on merit and the employee's ability to do their job well.

Question 15

Explain the principle of comparable worth, and discuss why it is hard to put this principle into practice.

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Question 16

A number of recent developments have caused fundamental changes to the psychological contracts between workers and employers. What are those developments? What can happen when psychological contracts are broken?

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Question 17

List and explain the guidelines offered in the textbook for determining whether an organization should base pay on individual, group, or organizational levels of performance.

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Quiz 8: Pay Careers and Changing Employment Relationships