The "parole evidence" rule:

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The parole evidence rule refers to the principle that oral or written negotiations that occurred prior to a written contract cannot be used to contradict or alter the terms of the written contract. This rule is often applied in labor agreements, where the written contract (i.e. the collective bargaining agreement) is the primary source of interpretation for disputes, rather than negotiations or discussions that occurred before the agreement was finalized. The rule adheres to the "common law of the shop" principle and its related labor agreement language.

The "Parole Evidence" Rule