In the later half of the 19^th century, the scientific approach gave rise to the:

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The scientific approach in criminology gave rise to the Positivist school of criminology in the late 19th and early 20th century. Positivists believed that crime was determined by factors beyond an individual's control, such as biological, psychological, and social factors. They emphasized the use of empirical research and scientific methods in the study of crime, and their ideas had a significant impact on the development of modern criminology. The other answer choices (cognitive, social control, and behavioral schools) are all important schools of criminology but were not directly influenced by the scientific approach of the late 19th century.

In the Later Half of the 19th Century, the Scientific

In the Later Half of the 19^th Century, the Scientific