In City of Los Angeles v. Manhart, a group of female employees filed suit against the department, alleging that the practice of making female employees pay higher contributions to receive equal benefits upon retirement violated Title VII. The trial court held that, the department's practice:

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In City of Los Angeles v. Manhart, the Supreme Court held that the department's practice of requiring female employees to make larger contributions to the pension fund than male employees, based on the statistical longevity of women, constituted illegal sex discrimination under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. The Court ruled that employers cannot require employees to pay more for their pension benefits simply because of their gender.

In City of Los Angeles V