According to expectancy theory, for an employee to be highly motivated, E-P expectancy and valence must be maximized.

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Expectancy theory states that an employee's level of motivation is related to their belief that effort (E) will lead to performance (P) and that performance will lead to outcomes or rewards that they value (valence). Therefore, for an employee to be highly motivated, there must be a high probability that their effort will lead to successful performance and that the outcome or rewards will be desirable. Thus, the maximization of E-P expectancy and valence is essential for high motivation.

According to Expectancy Theory, for an Employee to Be Highly