When Antidiscrimination Legislation Failed to Provide the Necessary and Desired

When antidiscrimination legislation failed to provide the necessary and desired results, civil rights leaders often turned to the courts for relief and support. In the first half of the twentieth century litigation efforts culminated in the 1954 landmark Supreme Court case of Brown v. Board of Education. This ruling brought about

A) freedom for all slaves in the southern states.
B) reparations for descendants of former slaves.
C) free college tuition at all state universities.
D) desegregation of all public schools.
E) creation of affirmative action programs for all employers and college admission offices.