Federal trials were initially conducted

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Federal trials were initially conducted by Supreme Court justices traveling on an assigned circuit. This system was put in place by the Judiciary Act of 1789 and required Supreme Court justices to travel to different parts of the country to hear federal cases. Each justice was assigned to a specific geographic region or "circuit" and was responsible for hearing cases in that area. This system continued until the creation of the separate circuit courts in 1891.

Federal Trials Were Initially Conducted