What is the physical reason for the appearance of periodic splitting and recombining of spectral lines in the spectra of binary stars?
A) distortion of atoms on one star by the gravitational force of the other star, leading to line splitting
B) Zeeman splitting of spectral lines on one star by the magnetic field of the second star
C) oscillations on the surfaces of the stars leading to Doppler-shifted lines
D) Doppler shift of light from stars orbiting each other, moving toward and away from Earth during this orbital motion
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