Question 1

A(n) _____ is the general term used to refer to a chemical that alters a person's mood or behavior when it is drunk, smoked, inhaled, injected or taken in a pill form.

Accepted Answer

The term "substance" is often used to refer to drugs, whether they are legal or illegal, that can alter a person's mood or behavior when consumed. Teratogens are substances that can cause birth defects in unborn babies if ingested by a pregnant woman. Antihistamines and antibiotics are not typically associated with mood or behavior-altering effects.

Question 2

To be diagnosed with substance use disorder, an individual has to meet certain criteria. Which of the following is one of the mandatory criteria to be fulfilled?

Accepted Answer

The criteria for substance use disorder as per DSM-5 includes 11 symptoms, out of which an individual must fulfill at least two to be diagnosed with the disorder. The third criterion is that an individual continues to use the substance despite significant problems in their personal, social, or professional life. Inhalation or injection of the substance is not essential for the diagnosis. Loss of bladder control is also not a symptom of substance use disorder.

Question 3

Juliana frequently smokes marijuana and hashish, even when she is driving. As a result of her frequent use of marijuana, she has lost most of her friends. She has also lost two jobs because of her inability to function effectively. Which of the following diagnosis would best fit Juliana's condition?

Accepted Answer

Juliana's symptoms of frequent use of marijuana and hashish, as well as the negative consequences on her personal and professional life, suggest a substance use disorder. Bipolar disorder involves cycles of intense mood swings, Korsakoff's syndrome is a type of amnesia caused by alcohol abuse, and impulse control disorder involves difficulty resisting the urge to engage in harmful behaviors.

Question 4

In the context of substance use disorder, which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

The terms substance use disorder has replaced the term addiction, in part to reduce the stigma of the condition. As per the DSM-5, substance use disorder refers to a problematic pattern of using alcohol or another substance that results in clinically significant impairment or distress. The term addiction can have negative connotations and may contribute to stigma, so it has been replaced with substance use disorder to reduce the shame associated with the condition. 
Choice B is incorrect since substance use disorder can cause both mood alterations and behavioral changes. Choice C is incorrect as DSM-5 includes substance use disorder involving drugs such as cocaine, opioids, and cannabis, in addition to alcohol. Choice D is incorrect as substance use disorder can occur through various routes of administration, including but not limited to injection in the liquid form.

Question 5

Substance use disorder is best defined as

Accepted Answer

Substance use disorder is a condition characterized by a set of cognitive, behavioral, and physiological symptoms caused by continued use of a substance, despite the substance causing significant problems in one's life. These symptoms include craving, tolerance, withdrawal, loss of control over use, and continued use despite negative consequences. Substance use disorder is a chronic, relapsing illness that requires ongoing management and support. option B defines withdrawal, option C defines malnutrition, and option D defines intoxication.

Question 6

Substance _____ is a cluster of cognitive, behavioral, and physiological caused by the continued use of a substance despite the substance causing significant problems in one's life.

Accepted Answer

The description matches the criteria for a substance use disorder, which is characterized by cognitive, behavioral, and physiological symptoms caused by continued substance use despite significant problems in one's life. Intolerance refers to a physiological response to a substance that requires increasing amounts to achieve the desired effect, while rejection and immunization are not relevant to substance use disorders.

Question 7

_____ occurs when an individual requires larger and larger amounts of a substance in order to achieve its desired effects, or feels less of its effects after using the same amount of the substance.

Accepted Answer

Tolerance is when an individual requires larger and larger amounts of a substance in order to achieve its desired effects, or feels less of its effects after using the same amount of the substance.

Question 8

George had started taking cocaine a year ago. He is addicted to the feeling of euphoria brought about by cocaine. Of late, even after using the same amount of cocaine that he had been using for the past year, he feels less of its effects. This situation is referred to as

Accepted Answer

Tolerance is the decreased effect of a drug with repeated use. In this case, George has been taking cocaine for a year and is now experiencing less of its effects even though he's using the same amount as before. This is a classic example of tolerance.

Question 9

Ruth used to get drunk after drinking two gin and tonics. Now she must drink six to get the same effect. Ruth's drinking illustrates the phenomenon of

Accepted Answer

Ruth's increased need for alcohol to achieve the same effect is evidence of tolerance, which occurs when the body adapts to a drug's presence and requires higher doses to produce the same results.

Question 10

The physical and psychological changes that occur when an individual stops using a substance are referred to as _____ symptoms.

Accepted Answer

Withdrawal symptoms occur when an individual stops using a substance, and can include physical symptoms such as tremors, sweating, and nausea, as well as psychological symptoms such as anxiety, depression, and intense cravings. Tolerance refers to the body's decreased response to a substance after repeated use, intoxication refers to the state of being under the influence of a substance, and potentiation refers to the increased effects of a substance when combined with another substance.

Question 11

Susan has just quit smoking. Ever since she stopped smoking, she has become very testy. She feels anxious and irritable. The change in Susan's behavior and temperament after she stopped smoking is referred to as

Accepted Answer

The change in Susan's behavior and temperament after she stopped smoking is due to withdrawal, which is the physiological and psychological reaction that occurs when a person stops using a substance to which they have become dependent.

Question 12

People are most likely to receive a diagnosis of substance intoxication when

Accepted Answer

Substance intoxication is a temporary, reversible condition that follows the ingestion, injection, inhalation or absorption of a substance. It is characterized by significant disturbances of behavior, perception, cognition or mood that develop during or shortly after substance use, and that are attributable to the pharmacological effects of the substance on the nervous system. Signs of significant impairment are a key feature in the diagnosis of substance intoxication.

Question 13

Individuals with substance-related disorders are most likely to also suffer from

Accepted Answer

Individuals with substance-related disorders are significantly more likely to have mood disorders such as depression and anxiety. This may be a result of using substances to self-medicate or cope with underlying mental health issues.

Question 14

Clinicians classify alcohol as

Accepted Answer

Alcohol is classified as a nervous system depressant because it slows down the central nervous system, which can lead to symptoms like slowed reflexes, impaired judgment, and decreased heart rate. It is not a stimulant, histamine antagonist, or antihistamine.

Question 15

In small amounts, alcohol typically

Accepted Answer

The answer of In small amounts, alcohol typically
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Question 16

When alcohol is had in larger amounts, without being mixed with other depressants, the most likely result would be

Accepted Answer

When alcohol is consumed in larger amounts, it leads to impaired physical coordination, which is characterized by slurred speech, difficulty in walking, and impaired motor skills. This is due to the depressant effect of alcohol on the nervous system which affects the signals between the brain and the muscles, resulting in loss of coordination. Potentiation is the interaction between two or more drugs that enhances their effect, but alcohol mixed with other depressants may lead to dangerous and potentially fatal effects. Introversion and loss of confidence are psychological effects associated with alcohol, but they may not be the most likely result of consuming large amounts of alcohol.

Question 17

In some instances, when two or more substances are combined, the total intoxicant effect is greater than the effect due to each substance acting alone. This intensification of effect is referred to as

Accepted Answer

Potentiation is the intensification of effect that can occur when two or more substances are combined. This can happen when one substance enhances the effect of another substance, leading to a greater overall effect than either substance would produce alone. This can be dangerous because it can lead to unexpected and potentially harmful effects.

Question 18

Lisa gave into peer pressure and consumed alcohol despite the fact that she was on sleeping pills. As a consequence, she lapsed into a coma. This phenomenon is referred to as

Accepted Answer

Potentiation refers to the increased effect of a drug when combined with another substance. In this case, the combination of alcohol and sleeping pills resulted in an intensified reaction, leading to a coma.

Question 19

After having consumed large amounts of vodka at night, the following morning Caroline wakes up to a pounding headache and nausea. This condition is referred to as

Accepted Answer

Abstinence syndrome, also known as alcohol withdrawal syndrome, is a condition that occurs when a person who is dependent on alcohol suddenly stops drinking. Symptoms include headache, nausea, shaking, and anxiety.

Question 20

Abstinence syndrome associated with alcohol consumption is commonly referred to as

Accepted Answer

Abstinence syndrome associated with alcohol consumption is commonly referred to as a hangover. The symptoms can include headache, nausea, dizziness, fatigue, and sensitivity to light and sound.

Quiz 12: Substance-Related and Addictive Disorders