With a pandemic, how does the nature of the shock and its amplification channel signal its severity?

Question

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The Answer is On a global scale, a pandemic creates public health and economic costs. The crisis in public health requires a reduction in global economic activity. Several factors signal the severity of a global shock, including the nature of the shock and amplification channels. The nature of the shock determines the length and severity of the global economic downturn. When global shocks occur, such as pandemics, the economic outcomes take years to unfold, often spiraling in unpredictable directions. Amplification channels determine the shock associated with a global pandemic amplifies through familiar channels such as financial markets. The initial adverse economic impact has been amplified by impaired credit intermediation as a result of a global liquidity crunch, strains in corporate and household cash flows and balance sheets, and financial institutions' weakening solvency and funding positions.

With a Pandemic, How Does the Nature of the Shock