Grandfather clauses were instituted in the South after Reconstruction in order to:

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Grandfather clauses were laws passed by Southern states that allowed potential white voters to circumvent literacy tests, poll taxes, and other tactics designed to disenfranchise African Americans. If a voter's grandfather had been eligible to vote before the Civil War, then that voter did not have to meet the other requirements. This effectively denied the vote to many African Americans, whose grandparents were slaves and thus not eligible to vote before the Civil War.

Grandfather Clauses Were Instituted in the South After Reconstruction in Order