When labeling theorists say that "society produces deviance," they are referring to:
A) social conditions such as poverty
B) the structural strain toward deviance
C) the creation of deviance by rule-making
D) the deviant subcultures into which people are born
E) c and d above

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Labeling theorists argue that deviance is not inherent in certain actions or behaviors, but rather is created by the social rules and labels that define certain actions as deviant. Therefore, society produces deviance by defining what is considered deviant behavior and creating social norms and laws that label certain actions as criminal or unacceptable. This can include actions that range from minor infractions such as jaywalking to more serious crimes such as theft or murder. The labeling process often reinforces and perpetuates deviant behavior by stigmatizing individuals who have been labeled as deviant, which can lead to further deviance and social isolation.

When Labeling Theorists Say That "Society Produces Deviance," They Are