The nurse observes that a patient who recently had an indwelling urinary catheter removed complains of burning on urination and that the urine is cloudy and foul smelling. On the basis of this assessment, the nurse may reason that the patient has a urinary tract infection (UTI). The nurse comes to this conclusion using:

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Inductive reasoning uses specific facts or details to make conclusions and generalizations; it proceeds from specific to general. Deductive reasoning involves generating facts or details from a major theory, generalization, or premise (i.e., from general to specific). The terms thinking and reasoning are often used synonymously, although reasoning is more formal because it usually is aimed at finding answers, providing explanations, and forming conclusions. Intuition is the feeling that you know something without specific evidence.

The Nurse Observes That a Patient Who Recently Had an Indwelling