Communalism Means _____________________

Communalism means _____________________.

A) the scientific norm that mandates researchers should strive to be impartial and open to unexpected finding and new ideas
B) the scientific norm says that producing knowledge is a public act and the finding should be available for all to use. In order for it to be accepted into the community, it must be rigorously reviewed
C) the scientific norm that demands utmost honesty in all aspects of the research process; dishonesty, fraud, or cheating is a major taboo
D) the scientific norm that says research should be judged only on the basis of scientific merit