According to the demographic transition theory, in stage 3-advanced industrialization and urbanization very little population growth occurs because both birth rates and death rates are low. The birth rate declines as couple control their fertility through contraceptives and become less likely to adhere to religious directives against their use.

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According to the demographic transition theory, in stage 3, advanced industrialization and urbanization lead to a decline in both birth rates and death rates, resulting in very little population growth. This decline in birth rates is due in part to the use of contraceptives and a decrease in adherence to religious ideologies that discourage their use.

According to the Demographic Transition Theory, in Stage 3-Advanced Industrialization