Which of the Following Statements About the Country's Precolonial Era

Which of the following statements about the country's precolonial era is NOT true?

A) Several precolonial societies had democratic elements.
B) Centralized states developed in both the north and the south.
C) Parts of the area were occupied by stateless societies without diffuse political authority.
D) Islam was introduced through a series of jihads.
E) The Fulani Empire held sway until British colonial authority was imposed on Northern Nigeria in 1900.