When presidents claim unitary executive power, Congress and the courts respond with the doctrine of ___ .

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When presidents claim unitary executive power, Congress and the courts respond with the doctrine of separation of powers, which maintains a system of checks and balances among the three branches of government to prevent any one branch from becoming too powerful. This doctrine serves as a critical safeguard against executive overreach and abuse of power. Federalism, due process, and equal protection of the laws are also important constitutional principles, but they do not directly address the issue of executive power and its proper limits.

When Presidents Claim Unitary Executive Power, Congress and the Courts