Why are volunteers likely to constitute a biased sample?
A) They are probably different from non-volunteers on critical variables.
B) They are less likely to show change than subjects who are required to participate.
C) They are more subject to the Hawthorne effect than non-volunteers.
D) All of the above

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Volunteers are likely to constitute a biased sample because they are likely to differ from non-volunteers on critical variables, such as motivation, interest in the topic, and level of involvement. This can impact the generalizability of research findings and limit the external validity of studies that rely exclusively on volunteers.

Why Are Volunteers Likely to Constitute a Biased Sample