Political Sociologists Have Found All of the Following to Be

Political sociologists have found all of the following to be associated with higher rates of voter turnout except:

A) economically advanced societies tend to have higher rates of voting than disadvantaged societies.
B) economic hardship and slumps of a national economy influence voter turnout.
C) countries with nonproportional electoral systems tend to have higher rates of voting than countries with proportional electoral systems
D) smaller countries tend to have higher rates of voting.