The Peace of Westphalia established the sovereignty of nation states.

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The Peace of Westphalia, signed in 1648, established the principle of national sovereignty, which meant that each state had the exclusive right to govern its own territory without interference from other states or external authorities. This marked a significant shift away from the medieval concept of a universal Christendom under the authority of the Pope and the Holy Roman Emperor. The Peace of Westphalia is often seen as a turning point in the development of the modern nation state system.

The Peace of Westphalia Established the Sovereignty of Nation States