Write an essay describing the central features of Ross's ethic of prima facie duties. Define the notion of a prima facie duty, and explain how a moral theory based on prima facie duties differs from monistic and absolutist moral theories.

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The Answer is W.D. Ross's ethic of prima facie duties is a moral theory that emphasizes the importance of considering multiple moral principles when making ethical decisions. According to Ross, individuals have a set of prima facie duties, which are moral obligations that are binding unless overridden by a more important duty. These duties include fidelity, reparation, gratitude, justice, beneficence, self-improvement, and non-maleficence.

The notion of a prima facie duty is based on the idea that individuals have multiple moral obligations that may conflict with each other in certain situations. For example, a person may have a duty of fidelity to their friend, but also a duty of beneficence to help a stranger in need. In such a case, the individual must weigh the competing duties and determine which one takes precedence in that particular situation.

A moral theory based on prima facie duties differs from monistic and absolutist moral theories in several ways. Monistic moral theories, such as utilitarianism or Kantian ethics, advocate for a single principle or rule that determines the rightness or wrongness of an action. In contrast, Ross's ethic of prima facie duties acknowledges the complexity of moral decision-making and allows for the consideration of multiple principles.

Similarly, absolutist moral theories, such as deontological ethics, emphasize the absolute nature of moral rules and duties. In contrast, Ross's ethic recognizes that moral obligations may conflict and that individuals must use their judgment to determine which duty takes precedence in a given situation.

Overall, Ross's ethic of prima facie duties provides a nuanced and flexible approach to moral decision-making, allowing for the consideration of multiple moral principles and the recognition of the complexity of ethical dilemmas. By acknowledging the existence of prima facie duties and the potential for conflicting obligations, this ethical framework offers a more realistic and practical approach to navigating the complexities of moral decision-making.

Write an Essay Describing the Central Features of Ross's Ethic