Researchers selected a simple random sample of 4048 medical records of adults diagnosed with gum disease. In all, 2226 were current smokers, 891 were former smokers, and 931 never smoked regularly. Their research question is, Do these data indicate that gum disease is equally likely regardless of smoking status? What is the P-value for testing this null hypothesis of an equal representation of current, former, and never smokers among adults diagnosed with gum disease?

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

To test the null hypothesis that gum disease is equally likely regardless of smoking status, a chi-square test of independence can be used. Given the large sample size and the significant difference in the number of current smokers, former smokers, and never smokers, the p-value is likely to be very small, indicating a strong statistical significance. Therefore, the correct answer is D) Less than 0.01, suggesting that there is a statistically significant association between smoking status and the likelihood of having gum disease.

Researchers Selected a Simple Random Sample of 4048 Medical Records