Question 1

According to Magnus and Mick (2000), who is most likely to be recruited for medical schools in the United States, Canada, and Great Britain?

Accepted Answer

Students from high-income families with medical professional connections are often favored due to financial resources and networking advantages.

Question 2

Sasha is seven months pregnant. She maintains regular appointments with her obstetrician and is preparing for childbirth at the regional hospital. According to the feminist perspective, who controls Sasha's diagnosis and treatment?

Accepted Answer

According to the feminist perspective, Sasha's diagnosis and treatment are controlled by her obstetrician, who may hold more power and influence in the medical setting. This can lead to a lack of agency and decision-making power for the pregnant person. However, it is important to note that ultimately Sasha should have control over her own healthcare decisions and that a feminist approach to healthcare would prioritize her autonomy and informed consent.

Question 3

Which of these natural conditions has undergone the process of medicalization?

Accepted Answer

Menopause has undergone the process of medicalization, where it is viewed as a medical condition that needs to be treated with hormone replacement therapy.

Question 4

Which individual would be most likely to receive more information from their physician about his or her diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Research suggests that individuals who are higher in social class and education tend to receive more information and have more collaborative relationships with their healthcare providers. As a college professor, the 36-year-old male is likely to have higher education and be from a higher social class compared to a convenience store clerk, retired attorney, or electrical engineer.

Question 5

Which of these has not been identified as a factor in the differences in mortality between men and women?

Accepted Answer

While genetics, risk taking, and use of the health care system have all been identified as factors in the differences in mortality between men and women, religiosity has not been found to be a significant factor.

Question 6

Compared to men, women typically ______.

Accepted Answer

On average, women live about five years longer than men. However, Option A and B are incorrect as they state women are at a disadvantage compared to men in terms of mortality rates. Option D is also incorrect as there is no clear evidence to suggest that women's lives are shorter, although some studies suggest they may experience more satisfaction in life.

Question 7

What percentage of the U.S. GDP is spent on healthcare?

Accepted Answer

According to the World Bank, the percentage of U.S. GDP spent on healthcare was 17.9% in 2019. Therefore, the closest option is B, which is 18%.

Question 8

In 2016, spending for prescription drugs in the United States cost which of these?

Accepted Answer

According to the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, national spending for prescription drugs in the United States in 2016 was $328.6 billion. Therefore, the correct choice is D.

Question 9

In 2007, which factor contributed to well over half of all U.S. bankruptcies?

Accepted Answer

According to a study by Harvard University, illnesses and medical bills contributed to well over half of all U.S. bankruptcies in 2007.

Question 10

A year before the full implementation of the ACA insurance mandate, surveyed Americans reported the primary reason for not being insured was which of these?

Accepted Answer

According to a Gallup poll conducted in 2013, the primary reason reported by uninsured Americans for not having health insurance was that they couldn't afford coverage. This was cited by 37% of respondents, while the other options listed were cited by less than 20% each.

Question 11

ACA Medicaid expansion was shown by researchers to do all of these EXCEPT ______.

Accepted Answer

The ACA Medicaid expansion was shown to positively impact access to care and utilization of health care services among the low-income population, improve the affordability of care and financial security among the low-income population, and improve measures of self-reported health. However, it was not shown to have a positive impact on a decrease in prescription drugs.

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a factor related to health coverage?

Accepted Answer

Poverty, unemployment, and ethnicity are all factors related to health coverage as they can impact access to care and ability to afford health insurance. Political affiliation is not a factor as it does not necessarily determine one's access to health coverage.

Question 13

The first state to act on healthcare reform was which of these?

Accepted Answer

Hawaii was the first state to act on healthcare reform, implementing the Prepaid Health Care Act in 1974, which required employers to provide health insurance to employees.

Question 14

The first state to provide healthcare to all of its residents was which of these?

Accepted Answer

Massachusetts was the first state to provide healthcare to all of its residents through the Massachusetts Health Care Reform Act of 2006.

Question 15

In 2016, what percentage of Americans remained without insurance?

Accepted Answer

In 2016, approximately 8.8 percent of Americans remained without health insurance, marking a significant decrease from previous years, largely due to the Affordable Care Act's impact.

Question 16

The Children's Health Insurance Program is designed for which children?

Accepted Answer

The Children's Health Insurance Program is designed for children of working parents and grandparents who do not qualify for Medicaid but cannot afford private insurance.

Question 17

Which president signed the Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP) expansion bill which raised the number of children covered under CHIP?

Accepted Answer

Barack Obama signed the CHIP expansion bill in 2009, significantly increasing the number of children covered under the program.

Question 18

In an effort to control drug costs for their residents, several states have offered innovative cost-control models such as the Pharmaceutical Assistance Contract for the Elderly program (PACE). PACE is financed largely from which of these?

Accepted Answer

PACE programs are often financed through state lottery proceeds, which provide a source of funding for these programs without imposing additional taxes on residents.

Question 19

Which of these is TRUE of community-based health centers?

Accepted Answer

Community-based health centers increase access to healthcare for underserved populations such as the poor, racial and ethnic minorities, and those without insurance. They are not operated by the federal government, but rather are nonprofit organizations funded through federal grants and other sources. They may also accept private insurance, but their primary function is to provide care to those who would not have access otherwise. They have not been dissolved by the Trump administration.

Question 20

In the U.S., a 20-year life expectancy gaps exists between the most and least advantaged populations.

Accepted Answer

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), there is a 20-year life expectancy gap between the most and least advantaged populations in the U.S. This is due to factors such as access to healthcare, education, and economic resources, as well as discrimination and other social determinants of health.

Quiz 10: Health and Medicine

According to Magnus and Mick (2000) , who is most likely to be recruited for medical schools in the United States, Canada, and Great Britain?