The reformatories during the second wave of reform were distinguished by increased professionalism and the incorporation of the medical model.

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During the second wave of reform, reformatories were characterized by an increased emphasis on professionalism and the incorporation of the medical model, which treated juvenile delinquency as a disease that could be cured through treatment and therapy. This marked a departure from the earlier emphasis on punishment and moral reform.

The Reformatories During the Second Wave of Reform Were Distinguished