Which of the following was a factor suggested by Trivers (1971) to encourage reciprocal altruism?

Question

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Trivers suggested that reciprocal altruism is more likely to evolve in situations where individuals who fail to reciprocate can be identified and remembered, thus reducing the likelihood of being exploited by cheaters. This mechanism helps to maintain the stability and feasibility of altruistic acts among non-related individuals by ensuring that those who do not reciprocate do not benefit from the system in the long term.

Which of the Following Was a Factor Suggested by Trivers