What is the term for the combination of workers who are "off the books," goods produced in unregulated factories with nonunionized and undocumented laborers, goods and services produced and exchanged for barter (i.e., not cash but in kind), and goods and services sold without regulation on the streets?

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The term for this combination is the informal economy. It includes work that is not regulated, not taxed, and not included in national income calculations. This includes informal employment, which is often temporary and part-time work, self-employment, unpaid family work, and "off the books" work. It also includes informal production, which is often done in unregulated factories or at home, and informal exchange, which includes bartering and selling goods and services on the streets without regulation. The informal economy makes up a significant portion of the global economy, especially in developing countries.

What Is the Term for the Combination of Workers Who