When conducting a meta-analysis, which of the following statements is true?
A) Meta-analyses should include studies of all types, including those of high and low quality to capture the entire scientific repertoire.
B) Meta-analyses should contain an equal number of studies reporting significant and non-significant results so as to avoid biases in the forthcoming analyses.
C) Meta-analyses should have strict criterions for inclusion, and only include high-quality studies.
D) Meta-analyses should only include statistically significant findings because researchers conducting these analyses are primarily interested in the size of effects that were found. This allows researchers to gauge whether or not the findings are reliable.

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

The best choice is C because including only high-quality studies with strict criteria for inclusion helps to ensure that the meta-analysis is based on reliable and valid findings. Option A is incorrect because including low-quality studies may introduce bias and lower the overall quality of the analysis. Option B is incorrect because an equal distribution of significant and non-significant studies is not necessary for a valid meta-analysis. Option D is incorrect because including only statistically significant findings would introduce bias and may lead to erroneous conclusions.

When Conducting a Meta-Analysis, Which of the Following Statements Is