Which of the Following Statements Is NOT a Valid Conclusion

Which of the following statements is NOT a valid conclusion from memory research on eyewitness testimony?

A) People are overconfident about the accuracy of their eyewitness accounts.
B) People will recognize a picture in a line-up as familiar even if they have never seen the picture before.
C) Though people are overconfident about their memories, they remain unaltered after hearing new information about an event.
D) Though people will wrongly identify suspects based on the suggestion to do so, if they believe that a suspect is not in a police line-up, they will not display the same confidence.