The chemical imbalance description of depression and the link to serotonin levels in the brain is controversial because

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The chemical imbalance theory is an oversimplification of the complex relationship between neurotransmitters and mood. While serotonin levels have been implicated in depression, there is not enough evidence to support the idea that low serotonin directly causes depression. Additionally, other neurotransmitters such as dopamine and norepinephrine are also involved in mood regulation, and research has shown that these neurotransmitters can also play a role in treating depression. Therefore, reducing depression to a simple serotonin deficiency is overly reductionist and may not fully capture the complexity of the disorder.

The Chemical Imbalance Description of Depression and the Link to Serotonin