Animal Researchers Have Difficult in Confirming a Role for the Hippocampus

Animal researchers have difficult in confirming a role for the hippocampus in episodic memory because _______. (Select all that apply.)

A) nonhumans do not have episodic memory
B) nonhumans cannot consciously recollect experience
C) nonhumans cannot tell us directly what they remember
D) tasks used by researchers may have solutions that do not require episodic memory
E) None of the above