According to Robert Martinson's published essay in 1974:
A) he concluded that rehabilitation had no effect on recidivism
B) he concluded that rehabilitation was somewhat effective at reducing recidivism, but needed more evidence
C) he concluded that rehabilitation was effective at reducing recidivism
D) he concluded that there was not enough research to determine the effects of rehabilitation on recidivism

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Robert Martinson's essay "What Works? Questions and Answers About Prison Reform" concluded that rehabilitation programs had no significant effect on reducing recidivism rates. This became known as the "nothing works" doctrine, which sparked a shift towards punitive and tough-on-crime policies in the United States criminal justice system.

According to Robert Martinson's Published Essay in 1974