The Introduction of the Youth Protection Act (YPA) in Quebec

The introduction of the Youth Protection Act (YPA) in Quebec in 1977 ________.

A) marked a shift toward a due process model of youth justice
B) set a precedent in favour of using forms of social intervention outside the court to deal with young offenders rather than court proceedings.
C) effectively replaced the Juvenile Delinquents Act as the primary youth justice legislation in the province
D) Both a and b
E) Both b and c